Thursday, January 30, 2020

Introspection: My Eleven-Year Identity Crisis

I share these thoughts hoping they are of help to someone else.
Comments are always welcomed.
If you find these thoughts helpful, please share.


My Eleven-Year Identity Crisis

O Lord, You have searched me and known me.
You know when I sit down and when I rise up;
You discern my thoughts from far away.
You search out my path and my lying down,
and are acquainted with all my ways.
Even before a word is on my tongue,
O Lord, You know it completely.

Psalm 139:1-4 (NRSV)


I wonder if the things I did were just to be different
To spare myself of the constant shame of my existence
And I would surely redeem myself in my desperation
Here and now I'll express my situation

From "Burning Bright" by Shinedown


As I stated previously, my goal for this year is to become more courageous.  As far as I know, the only way to become more courageous is to practice courage, so, for my first step in this year of courage, I decided to take The Authenticity Challenge.1

The Authenticity Challenge was written by Sarah Heath, United Methodist pastor and creator of the Sonderlust podcast.2  This book contains three weeks of daily challenges which are meant to help the participant cultivate authenticity and contentment.  The first week's challenges concern authenticity in one's personal life; the second week's challenges concern authenticity in one's job or vocation; and the third week's challenges concern authenticity in one's spirituality.  The first challenge of each week spans the entire week.

I bought this book in the middle of last year, but I had yet to start working through it.  I decided to take the plunge now, because I figured that submitting myself to daily challenges I had not reviewed beforehand would require some courage on my part.  Furthermore, I know firsthand that it requires courage to be authentic in the face of other people's expectations.

The Authenticity Challenge didn't require too much courage from me, but I think it might have given me a bit of an identity crisis.  Actually, I think it has shown me that I might have been going through an identity crisis for the last eleven years or so.

One of the first-week challenges was to take a personality test and to learn more about my personality type.  Because I have already learned a lot about the Enneagram and my personality type according to this system, I decided to find out what another personalty typing system might teach me about myself.  I chose the Myers-Briggs system, in which personality types are based on four aspects of how a person lives and interacts with the world.  I took an test online,3 and, when I was finished, I was informed about my personality type.

I will not disclose my personality type at this time, because I don't feel that my test results were conclusive.  I think the test might have yielded different results if I had just answered a question or two differently, or if I had just answered some questions with a little more certainty.  What was conclusive about my test results was that my personality type was one of the introverted types.  Quite frankly, I was rather disappointed.

For most of my life I believed that I was an introvert.  I was pegged as one when I was a child because I tended to be shy and quiet.  That said, a few years ago, I realized that there is evidence that I might actually be an extravert.  Exhibit A is that, though I like having time to myself like an introvert, I typically spend such time in public places like coffee shops and bookstores.  Exhibit B is that, while introverts are drained by social interactions, I have trouble sleeping after I go contra dancing, even though I'm physically tired.  Exhibit C is that, like an extravert, I like to talk about myself.  Furthermore, I've known sociable, talkative people who claim that they're introverts.  Why couldn't the opposite be true?

I actually jumped at the chance to believe that I was an extravert and not an introvert.  Even though I had heard that introverts actually have certain advantages in life, I never viewed my supposed introversion as anything but a bad thing.  Introversion was something I needed to overcome if I was ever to live the life I wanted.  Truth be told, introversion would explain why I like to be alone with my thoughts, even if I happen to be alone in a public place, why I don't like large crowds, even though I like being around people, and why I'm quiet around people until I feel comfortable around them.

Speaking of introversion and contra dancing, a couple of weeks ago, on a Saturday evening, I decided not to attend a contra dance.  Six months ago, I started contra dancing again, and, though I've enjoyed it, going dancing is often something I have to make myself do.  That evening, after I ate dinner, I found myself in a coffee shop as the only customer, and I may or may not have had an anxiety attack.  My heart was beating hard, and I was somewhat short of breath.  I felt like I had made a big mistake.  I texted my mother, and, over text, she talked me down.

The experience left me with a lot of questions about myself.  Why would I opt out of a contra dance?  Why do I have to make myself go dancing if I enjoy it so much?  Have I been trying to be someone I'm not?  If so, how long has this been going on?  Did I just take up contra dancing so that I could say that at least some of my interests aren't nerdy or weird?  If so, what else did I start doing so that I could be different than I was?  Did I start preaching, teaching, and writing so that I could me more than a computer programmer?  Have I been exploring and cultivating parts of myself that have previously lain dormant, or have I just been constructing another "false self"?  How authentically have I been living?


However I answer these questions, the fact of the matter is that I couldn't - or rather wouldn't - accept myself as an introverted computer nerd.  As P.T. Barnum says in The Greatest Showman, "I wanted to be more than I was."4

I think I have indeed been developing previously dormant parts of myself and not merely building a facade.  I say this because I didn't utterly crash and burn when I set out to do the things I started doing and because I've found these things personally rewarding.  I've been writing somewhat consistently for eleven years, and I have been certified to preach in my denomination.  People have told me how much they enjoy my writing, and just recently a friend of mine told me what my latest sermon meant to her.  I also happen to be a decent dancer.

When people ask me to preach or write for them, I feel honored, but, when people ask me to do something for them that is more tech-related, I feel annoyed.  The truth - aside from the fact that forty hours of tech-related work per week is enough for me - is that I don't want people to think of me as a computer programmer.  That said, some parts of The Authenticity Challenge helped me to see that my job as a computer programmer is not a bad fit for me.  I bring the same curiosity and creativity to my job that I bring to my preaching and writing, and I have many reasons to be grateful for my job.

People cannot be adequately defined by personality traits, interests, and occupations, for we are more than all of these things.  I am a computer programmer, and I am also a writer, a teacher, and a preacher.  I am a nerd, and I am also a dancer.  I have some qualities that are more introverted and others that are more extraverted.  I need to learn to accept all parts of myself and not only the parts I think are most attractive.


Notes:
  1. Sarah Heath.  The Authenticity Challenge: 21 Days to a More Content Life.  2019, Abingdon Press.
  2. https://revsarahheath.com/
  3. https://16personalities.com/
  4. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1485796/quotes
The photograph featured in this introspection was taken by me in 2015.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Perspective: Hallmark Movies, Jake Busey, and God-Awful Theology

I share these thoughts hoping they are of help to someone else.
Comments are always welcomed.
If you find these thoughts helpful, please share.

The following perspective contains minor spoilers for the third season of Stranger Things and major spoilers for every Hallmark movie that was ever created.


Hallmark Movies, Jake Busey, and God-Awful Theology

What's the price of a pet canary?  Some loose change, right?  And God cares what happens to it even more than you do.  He pays even greater attention to you, down to the last detail - even numbering the hairs on your head!  So don't be intimidated by all this bully talk.  You're worth more than a million canaries.

Matthew 10:29-31 (The Message)


Some guys have all the luck
Some guys have all the pain
Some guys get all the breaks
Some guys do nothing but complain

From "Some Guys Have All the Luck" by The Persuaders


My grandmother has been living in a nursing home for almost a year.  Lately, when I've visited her in her room, the television has been tuned to the Hallmark Channel.  I've found the movies that are aired on this channel to be extremely predictable, because they all seem to have the same basic plot.

The protagonist is typically a woman who is undergoing some change in her life; perhaps she has recently relocated or has just started a new job.  In her new setting, she meets the man of her dreams.  At first, she is hesitant to admit that she is attracted to him, because she already has a steady boyfriend or a fiance - or maybe an ex-boyfriend who wants to reconcile with her.  This guy is usually more financially successful the gentleman she just met but a lot more self-absorbed.  After a series of increasingly romantic events, the protagonist leaves her boyfriend or fiance and moves on with her new suitor.  She seemingly "trades down" in order to "trade up" in all the ways that really matter.  The two presumably live happily ever after.


It's not a bad story, I guess, as long as the viewer identifies with either the protagonist or the man who ends up with her in the end.  What if the viewer doesn't typically relate to "chosenness"?  Personally, I tend feel sorry for the guy who gets dumped - at least, on a "meta" level.  The writers of these movies create this character for the sole purpose of being rejected by the protagonist.  Worse yet, they don't give him any redeemable qualities, so that the viewer actually wants the protagonist to break up with him and move on with the man she just met.  The poor schmuck doesn't have a prayer!

Basically, what bothers me about Hallmark movies is that the writers create characters to be rejected.  Something about that kind of writing just seems wrong to me.

Something else I watched recently, which I enjoyed a lot more, is the third season of the nostalgic science fiction series Stranger Things.  Naturally I expected the creators of this critically-acclaimed series to do a better job of creating characters than the people who crank out Hallmark movies.  At first glance they appear to do so.  For example, Billy Hargrove, who is portrayed by Dacre Montgomery, is introduced in the second season with no apparent redeemable qualities.  Over the course of the third season, the writers humanize him to the point that the viewer actually feels sympathy for him.

Looking back, I see that the writers of Stranger Things actually committed the same sin against some of their characters as the creators of Hallmark movies.  Introduced in the third season is a character portrayed by Jake Busey, who I don't think is even given a name.  This character has no redeemable qualities; antagonizing one of the protagonists is all he is shown doing; and his ultimate fate is to fall victim to the "big bad" of the series.

I feel sorry for Jake Busey's character, whatever his name is, because he too was created to be discarded.

This phenomenon is actually quite prevalent in television and film.  My supervisor at work recently remarked that, whenever he watched the original Star Trek series, he could be sure that anyone wearing a red uniform would be dead by the end of the episode.  Some crew members of the Starship Enterprise were apparently written into the story as "cannon fodder."

I recently realized that what I hate about Hallmark movies is the very thing I hate about Calvinism.  As you probably know, I am a lifelong Methodist, and Methodists generally aren't the biggest fans of John Calvin's theology.  One of the major tenants of Calvinism is predestination, which is the idea that God has already chosen who will be redeemed and who will be condemned.  Free will does not even factor into the equation.  Basically, according to Calvinism, some people are created to go to hell.  Calvinists cite passages of Scripture like the following: "Does not the potter have power over the clay, from the same lump to make one vessel for honor and another for dishonor?"1

I suppose Calvinism isn't such a bad theological system, as long as a person can be absolutely certain that she and everyone she loves is among the "Elect."  Personally, I cannot be confident that God loves me and accepts me unless I believe that God loves and accepts everybody.

As someone critical of John Calvin, I will admit that he was no dummy.  He actually developed a logical, sophisticated, biblically-based theological system.  Its major weakness, in my opinion, is that it's God-awful.  When I say that it's "God-awful," I mean that it makes God seem awful.  Theology should glorify God and not make God seem like a monster.  Not long ago, Orthodox theologian David Bentley Hart went so far as to call John Calvin a "moral cretin" who "was capable of believing basically things about God that made God morally inferior to Satan."2

Calvinism presents a God who, not unlike the people who write Hallmark movies, creates characters for the sole purpose of being rejected and discarded by God.

Through one of the ancient prophets, God says to us,
My plans aren't your plans,
nor are your ways my ways, says the Lord.
Just as the heavens are higher than the earth,
so are my ways higher than your ways,
and my plans than your plans.3
We can trust that God is writing a story better than anything produced by Hallmark or Hollywood, and we can trust that God does not create characters only to be rejected or discarded.  The Psalmist reminds us that each of us is "fearfully and wonderfully made" by God.4  Jesus assures us that God knows everything about us, even the number of hairs on our heads, and that even the creatures that go unnoticed by us matter to God.5  God does not create disposable characters.

May you realize, dear reader, that you matter to the One who wrote you into existence.  May you realize that every creature on this planet matters to God.  May you trust, even when you feel rejected by the world, that you are accepted by God.


Notes:
  1. Romans 9:21 (NKJV)
  2. David Bentley Hart and Jason Micheli.  "That All Shall Be Saved: Heaven, Hell and Universal Salvation."  Crackers & Grape Juice, 09/13/2019.
  3. Isaiah 55:8-9 (CEB)
  4. Psalm 139:14 (NRSV)
  5. Matthew 10:29-31
The photograph featured in this perspective has been released to the public domain.  The photographer is in no way affiliated with this blog.

Sunday, January 5, 2020

Sermon: A Light in the Darkness (2020)

Delivered at Salem United Methodist Church in Greenville, South Carolina on January 5, 2020, the Twelfth Day of Christmas

I share these thoughts hoping they are of help to someone else.
Comments are always welcomed.
If you find these thoughts helpful, please share.


A Light in the Darkness

Audio Version



In the beginning was the Word
and the Word was with God
and the Word was God.
The Word was with God in the beginning.
Everything came into being through the Word,
and without the Word
nothing came into being.
What came into being
through the Word was life,
and the life was the light for all people.
The light shines in the darkness,
and the darkness doesn’t extinguish the light.

A man named John was sent from God.  He came as a witness to testify concerning the light, so that through him everyone would believe in the light.  He himself wasn’t the light, but his mission was to testify concerning the light.

The true light that shines on all people
was coming into the world.
The light was in the world,
and the world came into being through the light,
but the world didn’t recognize the light.
The light came to his own people,
and his own people didn’t welcome him.
But those who did welcome him,
those who believed in his name,
he authorized to become God’s children,
born not from blood
nor from human desire or passion,
but born from God.
The Word became flesh
and made his home among us.
We have seen his glory,
glory like that of a father’s only son,
full of grace and truth.

John testified about him, crying out, “This is the one of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me is greater than me because he existed before me.’”

From his fullness we have all received grace upon grace;
as the Law was given through Moses,
so grace and truth came into being through Jesus Christ.
No one has ever seen God.
God the only Son,
who is at the Father’s side,
has made God known.

John 1:1-18 (CEB)


And in despair I bowed my head;
“There is no peace on earth,” I said;
“For hate is strong,
And mocks the song
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!”

Then pealed the bells more loud and deep:
“God is not dead, nor doth He sleep;
The wrong shall fail,
The right prevail,
With peace on earth, good-will to men.”

From “Christmas Bells” by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow


It has been said that "Christmas comes earlier every year."  Christmas, of course, comes on December 25 every year, so I think it would be more accurate to say that establishments start playing Christmas music earlier every year.  Imagine my surprise, as I walked through Haywood Mall in the middle of October, seeing the visages of murderous clowns on advertisements for a local haunted attraction, when I heard Elton John's peppy invitation to “Step into Christmas.”  Minutes later, I heard about “chestnuts roasting on an open fire” and “Jack Frost nipping at [my] nose.”  After that, I heard Colbie Caillat declare that "it's Christmas time in the city."  Two weeks later, at that same mall, costumed children walked past a sleigh and a giant Christmas tree in their search for candy.  Retailers reason that people associate Christmas music with Christmas shopping, so they play Christmas music long before Christmas in the hopes of getting people in the mood to spend some money.

Churches, especially those that are more liturgical, operate according to a timetable different from the rest of the world.  As you probably know, there are two major times for celebration in the Church: Christmas, when we celebrate the birth of Christ, and Easter, when we celebrate the resurrection of Christ.  Today happens to be the twelfth and last day of Christmas.  On the Church calendar, both of these times of celebration are preceded by more somber seasons.  Before Easter, there is a roughly six-week season of self-denial, introspection, and repentance known as Lent, and, before Christmas, there is a roughly four-week season of waiting, hoping, and longing known as Advent.

During Advent, we hear the words of the ancient Hebrew prophets like Isaiah, and we remember that, in the same way that Jewish people longed for a Messiah to come and save them from oppression, we long for our Savior to come back to set the whole world to rights.  We sing hymns of hopeful longing like “O Come, O Come, Emmanuel” and “Come, Thou Long Expected Jesus.”  We light candles for hope, peace, joy, and love, not necessarily because we have these things but because we long for them.  In many churches, the liturgical color for Advent is purple, as it is in Lent, but at other churches, like the one I attend, the liturgical color for Advent is blue, the color of the sky just before the dawn breaks.  If Christmas is the time when, in the words of the priest Zechariah, “the dawn from on high [breaks] upon us, to give light to those who sit in darkness,”1 then Advent is the darkness before the dawn.

As the longing of Advent gives way to the joy of Christmas, everything changes – or at least everything is supposed to change.  After weeks of planning and preparation, we visit our families, exchange presents, and then sit down to feast on ham or turkey.  Eventually we have to go back home, put our Christmas decorations back into storage, and return to our jobs.  As children, we can barely fall asleep on Christmas Eve, full of anticipation for what awaits us in the morning.  When we grow up, we realize that we long for things that money cannot buy, things that Santa Claus cannot leave under the Christmas tree.  At Christmas we sing, “Joy to the world!  The Lord is come!” yet, once the celebration is over, it seems that very little has actually changed since the of beginning Advent.  The festivities end, and we are left with “the winter of our discontent.”

It is not uncommon for people to feel a bit let down after Christmas.  Linda Walter, a contributor to Psychology Today, lists a number of reasons we might feel a bit sad after the holidays: a suddenly clear schedule after a month of busyness, strained relationships with the family members we see over the holidays, memories of loved ones who are no longer with us, inclement winter weather that leaves us stuck at home, fatigue from traveling, having to return to work after time off, guilt from holiday overindulgence, and disappointment that our celebrations were not quite we hoped they would be.2  For me, the last ten years have brought a lot of pain and a lot of change, and there have times when, on the umpteenth day of Christmas, I felt like I was still sitting in the dark, waiting for the dawn to break.  This Christmas season, my mother and I were reminded that the hard parts of life, like grief, do not go on holiday around Christmas.  Beetle, one of my mother's beloved pet birds, who was also dear to me, died suddenly and unexpectedly just a few days after Christmas Day.

Unfortunately, our lives and our emotions rarely follow the Church calendar.  I would go so far as to say that, in some sense, life itself is one long season of Advent, one long season of waiting and longing.  The Germans have a word that might describe what some of us feel.  Weltschmerz means “world-weariness” or, more literally, “world-pain.”  It describes “a deep sadness about the inadequacy or imperfection of the world” or “a mood of weariness or sadness about life arising from the acute awareness of evil and suffering.”3  In other words, weltschmerz is the pain of knowing that the world is not as it should be, that life is not as it should be, that we are not as we should be – basically, that nothing is as it should be.  Another German word that might describe how we feel is sehnsucht, which describes “thoughts and feelings about all facets of life that are unfinished or imperfect, paired with a yearning for ideal alternative experiences.”4



During Advent and Christmas, the Church typically reads the birth narratives found at the beginning of two of the four Gospels.  The Gospel of Luke tells the story of Jesus' birth primarily from Mary's point of view.  Mary and Joseph, who are expecting a child at any moment, are forced to travel far from home to Bethlehem.  When they are unable to find any place that will take them in, they end up delivering the baby in a stable.  There, they are visited by a group of nervous shepherds who have just seen an army of angels heralding the infant's birth.5  The Gospel of Matthew, on the other hand, tells the story of Jesus' birth primarily from Joseph's perspective.  We read that the family is visited in Bethlehem by wealthy astrologers who have followed a star to their location.  These magi present the child with gifts of gold, incense, and myrrh shortly before the family has to flee from the violence of a paranoid king who is afraid of losing his power.6

At the beginning of the Gospel of John, we read not a birth narrative but rather a poem, which some have titled the Hymn to the Word.  It tells us that “in the beginning was the Word,” that “the Word was with God,” that “the Word was God,” and that “everything came into being through the Word.”  It tells us that “what came into being through the Word was life” and that “the life was the light for all people.”  It tells us that “the Word became flesh and made his home among us.”  In Eugene Peterson's words, “The Word became flesh and blood, and moved into the neighborhood.”7  The Hymn to the Word is very different from the birth narratives, but it tells us all we really need to know about the Christmas story.  It tells us that the creative force at work when God spoke those first words let there be became a flesh-and-blood human being and lived among us as Jesus of Nazareth, a man “full of grace and truth” who “has made God known” to us.

There is one part of the Hymn to the Word that reminds me to be hopeful amid my post-holiday malaise: “The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness doesn’t extinguish the light.”

The season of Advent took on a new meaning for me several years ago when, during Christmas Eve services, a former pastor of mine started extinguishing the four candles on the Advent wreath representing hope, peace, joy, and love before lighting the Christ candle.  Christ came into dark world, a world in desperate need of hope, peace, joy, and love.  The world can be a very dark place, and the circumstances of our lives can be dark as well, but the message of Christmas is that the Light of Christ continues to shine in spite of the darkness.


The Hymn to the Word tells us that “the light was in the world,” and that “the world came into being through the light,” but that “the world didn't recognize the light.”  The Light of Christ shines in the darkness, but apparently it is a lot easier to miss the Light than we might think.

Splitting up the Hymn to the Word are words about someone who “wasn’t the light” but whose “mission was to testify concerning the light.”  During Advent, as the Church prepares for Christmas, congregations who follow the Revised Common Lectionary typically hear about the one who was called by God to prepare the way for Christ, namely John the Baptist – or, as Methodists sometimes call him, John the Baptizer.  At some point, around the time Jesus began His public ministry, John rubbed the wrong people the wrong way and landed himself in prison.  For those called to be prophets, this is a hazard of the job.  John, like many people of his day, expected a militant messiah who would start a revolution.  As he sat in prison, he began to second-guess himself and wonder if the One he had been supporting was actually going to do what He was supposed to do.  He sent two of his disciples to ask Jesus, “Are you the one who is to come, or should we look for another?”8  In Eugene Peterson's translation, they ask, “Are you the One we’ve been expecting, or are we still waiting?”9

Jesus, who had already done a lot of wonderful things in His ministry, said to the messengers, “Go, report to John what you hear and see.”  Echoing the words of the ancient prophets, He continued, “Those who were blind are able to see.  Those who were crippled are walking.  People with skin diseases are cleansed.  Those who were deaf now hear.  Those who were dead are raised up.  The poor have good news proclaimed to them.”10  John could not see the light from his prison cell, but the Light of Christ was indeed shining.

After John's messengers left, Jesus said to those around Him, “I assure you that no one who has ever been born is greater than John the Baptist.  Yet whoever is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.”11  If the greatest man to ever walk the face of the earth didn't fully understand Christ and the Kingdom He had come to establish, what does that say about the rest of us?  Though we may have certain information John did not have, are we really any more enlightened than he was?  If even the voice crying out in the wilderness, “Prepare the way of the Lord!” didn't fully understand why he was preparing people, then what might we fail to understand?  If even the one “sent from God” to be “a witness to testify concerning the light” could lose sight of the Light amid the darkness of his circumstances, then how easy it must be for us to miss the Light!

According to Shane Hipps, the commonly-held idea that light and darkness are opposites is a misconception.  To say that light and darkness are opposites is to imply that they are equal opposing forces.  Darkness is not the opposite of light but rather the mere absence of light.  “Darkness,” Hipps says, “is always at the mercy of light.”  If you enter a dark room and turn on the lights, the darkness will immediately flee, and it will not be able to return as long as the light is present.  Hipps says that, if you want to dispel the darkness in your life, you need to seek a source of light.  If you are in a place of despair, seek a source of hope.  If you are plagued with anxiety or anger, seek peace.  If you are dealing with sorrow, seek a source of joy.  If there is hatred in your life, invite love into your heart.  If you are tired of the darkness, then move toward the light.12

We don't usually notice light, because our attention is most often focused elsewhere, usually on whatever the light illuminates.  What we don't always realize is that light is the only thing our eyes can actually sense.  You aren't really seeing the objects in the room around you: you are seeing the light reflected by the objects.  Your sense of sight is totally dependent on light.  We don't typically notice light, but, at the same time, light is the only thing we can actually see.13  I wonder if, at times when the world seems devoid of light, we are actually walking around with our eyes closed, spiritually speaking.  Perhaps the light we seek is always hidden plain sight, and perhaps we only need to open our eyes to experience it.

There is a poem that was reportedly found at the end of the Second World War.  Some say that it was written on a wall in a Jewish ghetto.  Others say it was scratched into the wall of a concentration camp.  The poem read, “I believe in the sun, even if it does not shine.  I believe in love, even if I do not feel it.  I believe in God, even if I do not see Him.”  In the darkest of circumstances, the poet had chosen to believe in the Light.

“The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness doesn’t extinguish the light.”  When our Christmas celebrations are over, when the decorations are taken down put back in the attic, when all the leftovers are finished, when we return to our jobs, this is the message we must keep in our hearts, whatever lies ahead of us in the new year.  The world can be a very dark place, and our lives can seem dark at times, but the Light never stops shining.  The Light is always shining, no matter how dark life seems, but we must keep our eyes open if we want to see it.

May we all keep our focus on the Light.  Amen.


Notes:
  1. Luke 1:78-79 (NRSV)
  2. Linda Walter.  “The Holidays Are Over; Why Am I So Blue?”  Psychology Today, 01/12/2014.
  3. Wikipedia: “Weltschmerz
  4. Wikipedia: “Sehnsucht
  5. Luke 1-2
  6. Matthew 1-2
  7. John 1:14 (The Message)
  8. Matthew 11:2-3 (CEB)
  9. Matthew 11:3 (The Message)
  10. Matthew 11:4-5 (CEB)  (See also Isaiah 35:5-6; 61:1.)
  11. Matthew 11:11 (CEB)
  12. Shane Hipps.  “Spoiling the Illusion.”  Mars Hill Bible Church, 05/08/2011.
  13. I don't have a specific source, but I have heard Peter Rollins say stuff like this.
The image featured in this blog post is part of a photograph taken by Jack Delano in the Union Station waiting room during World War II.